BRADYPODION PUMILUM

Cape dwarf chameleon (Eng.); Kaapse dwergtrapsuutjies (Afr.); Kaapse dwergverkleurmannetjie

INTRO

When walking in the fynbos and coming across this little fellow, there are always exclamations of delight. What a pleasure it is to encounter this dapper dwarf chameleon. Its conservation status is currently Near Threatened.

DESCRIPTION

The Cape Dwarf Chameleon (Bradypodion pumilum) is endemic to the southwestern Cape, ranging from Cape Town to De Hoop where it inhabits the fynbos.

Chameleons are superbly adapted for clinging to the twigs and branches. Each foot has five toes, grouped to form a firm grip, and each toe ends in a tiny claw that aids traction as it moves through the vegetation. Their prehensile tail functions as a fifth limb, assisting with both balance and stability.

A CHARACTER OF A DIFFERENT COLOUR

Contrary to popular belief, chameleons do not simply take on the colour of the surface they rest upon. Their colour changes are influenced by ultraviolet light, temperature, and mood.

They regulate their body temperature by darkening to absorb heat, or lightening to reflect it—an elegant and efficient adaptation.

THE COLOUR OF LOVE

The Cape Dwarf Chameleon is something of an emotional character. Its colouring can shift as it moves from a relaxed state to one of fear, agitation, or even courtship. (Some humans, one might note, are not entirely different.)

FOOD

As insectivores, Cape Dwarf Chameleons play an important role in the ecosystem by helping to control insect populations.

They are patient hunters, using their independently moving eyes to scan for prey. Once spotted, the chameleon strikes with remarkable speed, projecting its tongue to nearly twice the length of its body. The hapless insect is captured on the sticky tip.

LIFE CYCLES

Cape Dwarf Chameleons are viviparous. The female retains the eggs within her reproductive tract until development is complete, giving birth to between five and fifteen fully formed young.

As reptiles, the newborns are entirely self-sufficient from birth. Breeding may occur throughout the year, and females tend to reach a larger body size than males.

PESTS AND PREDATORS

With a small home range and a slow, deliberate pace, these chameleons are generally solitary. Occasionally, however, a male needs to venture further afield in search of a mate—moments that leave him more vulnerable.

Predators include snakes, birds, mongooses, baboons and domestic cats.

CONSERVATION STATUS

Bradypodion pumilum is currently classified as Near Threatened. Habitat loss due to urbanisation and agriculture remains a concern, while climate change may further alter their environment.

In the Rooiels Corridor, overly frequent fires can reduce population numbers. Sadly, some individuals are also killed on the roads by speeding drivers.

References:

Animal Talk/ SANBI

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